Blockclique: scaling blockchains through transaction sharding in a multithreaded block graph

Decentralized crypto-currencies based on the blockchain architecture cannot scale to thousands of transactions per second. We design a new architecture, called the blockclique, combining transaction sharding, where transactions are separated into multiple groups based on their input address, and a multithreaded directed acyclic block graph structure, where each block references one previous block of each thread. Our open-source simulations show that in a network with an average upload bandwidth of 32 Mbps, the blockclique reaches a throughput of 6,000 transactions per second, with an average transaction time of 2 minutes.